啟蒙與娛樂之間—民國初期北京女劇團志德社的改良戲劇實踐 (Between Enlightenment and Entertainment — The Theater Reform Practice of the Beijing Female Opera Troupe Zhide She in the Early Republic of China)

Abstract

After 1912, the ban on the public performance by women in the Qing Dynasty was lifted and female actors eventually stepped on Beijing's opera stage officially. Afterward, the Beijing government changed its policy and agreed to segregate the performance of male and female actors, resulting in the growing popularity of female-led theater in Beijing's Chinese opera troupes. During the popular period of the female theater, the most famous female troupe at this time was Zhide She 志德社. Using the data of Beijing newspapers and periodicals, this paper is trying to sort out the development history of the Zhide She in detail, analyzes how to practice the concept of theater reform, and implements the pioneering work in theater, new drama, performance, etc., and parses how the early female theater has embarked on a unique development path on its own, and then re-evaluates the status of the Zhide She in the history of modern theater.