GRB

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  • u

  • Universal Kriging
    Kriging method that assumes spatial variation of an attribute has a drift (polynomial trends).
  • Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinate System
    A type of conformal projection uses a 2-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to determind locationson the surface of the Earth with the divided 60 zones, each a 6-degree band of longitude, of the Earth.
  • Unplotted Node
    Similar to intermediate points, these are nodes that may not have been identified on the map beforehand but are useful in the network.
  • Unsupervised Classification
    Corresponding to supervised classification, utilize algorithms to examine the unknown pixel in the remote sensing image and classify them without training area.
  • Upwelling
    Vertical movement of water, replacing the surface layer of warm water with the deeper cold waters.
  • Urban Area
    Area with high human population and man-made structures in comparison to surrounding area.
  • Urban Density
    Population density in urban areas.
  • Urban Planning
    Process concerned with urban design, placement of infrastructure and support to urban growth.
  • Urban Settlement
    Man-made settlement of human inhabitance.
  • User Equivalent Range Error
    Errors in the calculation of the Pseudorange, can be expressed in terms of distances.
  • User Interface
    Interface for interaction between user and system/program.
  • User Segment
    Segment of GPS utilized by users on Earth.
  • UTC
    Universal Co-ordinated Time
  • UTM
    Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinate System
  • UUV
    Unmanned Underwater Vehicle
  • UV
    Ultraviolet
  • UWB
    UltraWide Band
  • v

  • Vague
    Data lacking in a defined meaning/interpretation, indeterminate quality of data/measurement.
  • Validation
    Confirming the data/measurement can truly represent a particular phenomena.
  • Value
    Graphic quality refering to the degree of lightness/darkness of a colour.
  • Valve Station
    Protection for pipelines, for isolating segements of pipes for maintenance works.
  • Variance
    Square of standard deviation, a measure of spread of data.
  • Variance-Covariance Matrix
    The matrix of variance, a measure of the variability in a set of data, and covariance, a measure of the extent to which corresponding elements from two sets of data.
  • Variation Ratio
    Measure of statistical dispersion in nominal variables, a representation of the distribution of Mode.
  • VDOP
    Vertical Dilution of Precision
  • Vector
    Data model that represents objects as points, lines and polygons, as a pair/set of coordinates.
  • Vector-based Binary Model
    Binary model created from data query on a combined (composite) layer of geometry and attribute.
  • Vectorization
    Conversion of raster data to vector data.
  • Vegetation Map
    Map showing natural vegetation of the area.
  • Velocity
    Speed at a given direction.
  • Velocity-Made-Good
    Navigation term for the speed of travelling towards the destination along a desired coures.
  • Verification
    Process of confirming the data and evaluating the data to match with the requirements.
  • Vertical Control
    Points with known elevation, which has been established with a certain order of precision and accuracy.
  • Vertical Datum
    Reference datum for vertical elevation reference.
  • Vertical Dilution of Precision
    Vertical component of DOP (Height).
  • Vertical Photograph
    Vertical photographs are taken straight down by a mapping camera whose optical axis is directed as vertical as possible at the instant of exposure.
  • Vertical Profiling
    Chart showing changes in elevation along a line feature on a map.
  • Very Good
    It exceeds the intended subject learning outcomes in most regards.
  • Very Long Baseline Interferometry
    Originated from radio astronomy, a technique of tracking Quasars using radio telescopes on different continents.
  • Viewing Angle
    Perspective view parameter, angle from horizon to the observer.
  • Viewing Azimuth
    Perspective view parameter, direction of observer from surface.
  • Viewing Distance
    Perspective view parameter, distance between observer and surface.
  • Viewing Radius
    Parameter for setting the distance for derivition of the viewshed.
  • Viewshed
    Area and objects visible from a specific point.
  • Virtual Memory
    Memory management technique to compensate for the lack of RAM needed to run a program, it maps virtual addresses of the memory used by the program to physical computer memory.
  • Virtual Reality
    Computer generated simulation environment that allows for interaction.
  • Visible Spectrum
    The portion of the EM spectrum with the range of wavelength from 390 to 700 nm that is visible to the human eye.
  • Visual Acuity
    Ability to detect and distinguish between shapes and objects.
  • Visual Balance
    Positioning of visual elements that will be pleasing to the eye.
  • Visual Efficiency
    Visual interpretation of images, affected by perceptibility and legibility.