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- Universal KrigingKriging method that assumes spatial variation of an attribute has a drift (polynomial trends).
- Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinate SystemA type of conformal projection uses a 2-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to determind locationson the surface of the Earth with the divided 60 zones, each a 6-degree band of longitude, of the Earth.
- Unplotted NodeSimilar to intermediate points, these are nodes that may not have been identified on the map beforehand but are useful in the network.
- Unsupervised ClassificationCorresponding to supervised classification, utilize algorithms to examine the unknown pixel in the remote sensing image and classify them without training area.
- UpwellingVertical movement of water, replacing the surface layer of warm water with the deeper cold waters.
- Urban AreaArea with high human population and man-made structures in comparison to surrounding area.
- Urban DensityPopulation density in urban areas.
- Urban PlanningProcess concerned with urban design, placement of infrastructure and support to urban growth.
- Urban SettlementMan-made settlement of human inhabitance.
- User Equivalent Range ErrorErrors in the calculation of the Pseudorange, can be expressed in terms of distances.
- User InterfaceInterface for interaction between user and system/program.
- User SegmentSegment of GPS utilized by users on Earth.
- UTCUniversal Co-ordinated Time
- UTMUniversal Transverse Mercator Coordinate System
- UUVUnmanned Underwater Vehicle
- UVUltraviolet
- UWBUltraWide Band
v
- VagueData lacking in a defined meaning/interpretation, indeterminate quality of data/measurement.
- ValidationConfirming the data/measurement can truly represent a particular phenomena.
- ValueGraphic quality refering to the degree of lightness/darkness of a colour.
- Valve StationProtection for pipelines, for isolating segements of pipes for maintenance works.
- VarianceSquare of standard deviation, a measure of spread of data.
- Variance-Covariance MatrixThe matrix of variance, a measure of the variability in a set of data, and covariance, a measure of the extent to which corresponding elements from two sets of data.
- Variation RatioMeasure of statistical dispersion in nominal variables, a representation of the distribution of Mode.
- VDOPVertical Dilution of Precision
- VectorData model that represents objects as points, lines and polygons, as a pair/set of coordinates.
- Vector-based Binary ModelBinary model created from data query on a combined (composite) layer of geometry and attribute.
- VectorizationConversion of raster data to vector data.
- Vegetation MapMap showing natural vegetation of the area.
- VelocitySpeed at a given direction.
- Velocity-Made-GoodNavigation term for the speed of travelling towards the destination along a desired coures.
- VerificationProcess of confirming the data and evaluating the data to match with the requirements.
- Vertical ControlPoints with known elevation, which has been established with a certain order of precision and accuracy.
- Vertical DatumReference datum for vertical elevation reference.
- Vertical Dilution of PrecisionVertical component of DOP (Height).
- Vertical PhotographVertical photographs are taken straight down by a mapping camera whose optical axis is directed as vertical as possible at the instant of exposure.
- Vertical ProfilingChart showing changes in elevation along a line feature on a map.
- Very GoodIt exceeds the intended subject learning outcomes in most regards.
- Very Long Baseline InterferometryOriginated from radio astronomy, a technique of tracking Quasars using radio telescopes on different continents.
- Viewing AnglePerspective view parameter, angle from horizon to the observer.
- Viewing AzimuthPerspective view parameter, direction of observer from surface.
- Viewing DistancePerspective view parameter, distance between observer and surface.
- Viewing RadiusParameter for setting the distance for derivition of the viewshed.
- ViewshedArea and objects visible from a specific point.
- Virtual MemoryMemory management technique to compensate for the lack of RAM needed to run a program, it maps virtual addresses of the memory used by the program to physical computer memory.
- Virtual RealityComputer generated simulation environment that allows for interaction.
- Visible SpectrumThe portion of the EM spectrum with the range of wavelength from 390 to 700 nm that is visible to the human eye.
- Visual AcuityAbility to detect and distinguish between shapes and objects.
- Visual BalancePositioning of visual elements that will be pleasing to the eye.
- Visual EfficiencyVisual interpretation of images, affected by perceptibility and legibility.